Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm optical imaging nyob rau hauv video raws li phais microscopes

Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, kev phais yog undoubtedly lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho mob feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua si lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob cancer thaum ntxov. Tus yuam sij rau txoj kev vam meej ntawm tus kws phais txoj kev phais yog nyob rau hauv qhov pom tseeb ntawm cov kab mob pathological tom qab kev phais.Kev phais microscopestau dav siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob phais vim lawv muaj zog lub siab ntawm peb dimensionality, siab txhais, thiab siab daws teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv anatomical ntawm cov kab mob pathological yog qhov nyuaj thiab nyuaj, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv nyob ib sab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tseem ceeb. Cov qauv ntawm millimeter mus rau micrometer tau deb dhau qhov ntau yam uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlab ntsha hauv tib neeg lub cev yog nqaim thiab cov neeg coob coob, thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo tsis txaus. Ib qho kev sib txawv me me tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob, cuam tshuam rau kev phais, thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej. Yog li ntawd, tshawb nrhiav thiab tsim khoKev khiav haujlwmmicroscopesnrog kev nthuav dav txaus thiab cov duab pom tseeb yog lub ntsiab lus uas cov kws tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus tshawb hauv qhov tob.

Tam sim no, cov thev naus laus zis xws li duab thiab yees duab, cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, thiab cov duab thaij duab tau nkag mus rau hauv microsurgery nrog cov txiaj ntsig tshiab. Cov thev naus laus zis no tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau tib neeg txoj kev ua neej xwb, tab sis kuj maj mam koom ua ke rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm microsurgery. Cov lus qhia siab, lub koob yees duab, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua tam sim no rau qhov raug phais. Cov tshuab yeeb yaj kiab nrog CCD, CMOS thiab lwm yam duab sensors raws li qhov chaw tau txais tau maj mam tau siv rau kev phais microscopes. Video phais microscopesyog cov yoog raws thiab yooj yim rau cov kws kho mob ua haujlwm. Kev qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis xws li navigation system, 3D zaub, cov duab zoo meej, augmented reality (AR), thiab lwm yam, uas ua rau muaj ntau tus neeg saib kev sib koom thaum lub sijhawm phais, ntxiv rau cov kws kho mob hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo dua.

Microscope optical imaging yog lub ntsiab txiav txim siab ntawm microscope imaging zoo. Cov duab kho qhov muag ntawm lub tshuab kuaj kab mob video muaj cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, siv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab cov duab thaij duab xws li kev daws teeb meem siab, qhov sib txawv siab CMOS lossis CCD sensors, nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb xws li kho qhov muag zoom thiab kho qhov muag them nyiaj. Cov thev naus laus zis no ua tau zoo txhim kho cov duab meej meej thiab zoo ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav, muab kev pom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm phais. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev sib txuas cov duab kho qhov muag nrog cov txheej txheem digital, lub sijhawm tiag tiag dynamic imaging thiab 3D reconstruction tau tiav, muab cov kws phais nrog ib tug ntau intuitive pom kev. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov duab kho qhov muag zoo ntawm cov koob yees duab phais microscopes, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem niaj hnub tshawb nrhiav cov duab kho qhov muag tshiab, xws li fluorescence imaging, polarization imaging, multispectral imaging, thiab lwm yam., txhawm rau txhim kho cov duab daws teeb meem thiab qhov tob ntawm microscopes; Siv cov cuab yeej txawj ntse thev naus laus zis rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kho qhov muag los txhim kho cov duab meej thiab qhov sib txawv.

Hauv cov txheej txheem phais thaum ntxov,binocular microscopesfeem ntau yog siv los ua cov cuab yeej pabcuam. Binocular microscope yog ib qho cuab yeej siv prisms thiab lo ntsiab muag kom ua tiav qhov pom kev zoo. Nws tuaj yeem muab kev nkag siab tob thiab lub zeem muag stereoscopic uas monocular microscopes tsis muaj. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-20th caug xyoo, von Zehender pioneered daim ntawv thov ntawm binocular magnifying iav nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ophthalmic kuaj. Tom qab ntawd, Zeiss tau nthuav qhia lub iav tsom iav nrog qhov ua haujlwm nrug ntawm 25 cm, tso lub hauv paus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm niaj hnub microsurgery. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm optical imaging ntawm binocular phais microscopes, kev ua hauj lwm nyob deb ntawm thaum ntxov binocular microscopes yog 75 hli. Nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej kho mob, thawj lub tshuab kuaj kab mob OPMI1 tau qhia, thiab kev ua haujlwm deb tuaj yeem ncav cuag 405 hli. Lub magnification kuj tseem nce ntxiv, thiab cov kev xaiv magnification yog tas li nce. Nrog rau kev nce qib txuas ntxiv ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav tsom iav, lawv qhov zoo xws li cov nyhuv stereoscopic vivid, siab clarity, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev tau ua rau lub tshuab kuaj kab mob binocular tau siv dav hauv ntau lub tuam tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txwv ntawm nws qhov loj me thiab qhov tob me me tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob yuav tsum tau nquag calibrate thiab tsom mus rau lub sijhawm phais, uas ua rau muaj kev nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws phais mob uas tsom mus rau kev soj ntsuam kev pom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev ntev tsis tsuas yog ua rau lawv lub cev hnyav, tab sis kuj tsis ua raws li ergonomic cov hauv paus ntsiab lus. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum muaj lub cev ruaj khov los ua kev kuaj mob phais rau cov neeg mob, thiab kev hloov kho phau ntawv kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ua, uas ua rau qee qhov ua rau muaj kev nyuaj ntawm kev phais.

Tom qab xyoo 1990, lub koob yees duab tshuab thiab cov duab sensors pib maj mam koom ua ke rau hauv kev xyaum phais, ua kom pom cov peev txheej tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv 1991, Berci innovatively tsim ib tug video system rau visualizing qhov chaw phais, nrog ib tug adjustable ua hauj lwm nyob deb li cas ntawm 150-500 mm thiab observable khoom diameters li ntawm 15-25 mm, thaum tuav ib tug tob ntawm teb ntawm 10-20 mm. Txawm hais tias tus nqi saib xyuas siab ntawm lo ntsiab muag thiab lub koob yees duab thaum lub sijhawm txwv tsis pub siv cov cuab yeej siv no hauv ntau lub tsev kho mob, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txuas ntxiv mus nrhiav kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis thiab pib tsim cov yees duab zoo tshaj plaws raws li kev phais microscopes. Piv rau binocular phais microscopes, uas yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm ntev los tswj qhov kev hloov pauv no, nws tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau lub cev thiab lub hlwb qaug zog. Cov yeeb yaj kiab hom kev phais mob microscope ua haujlwm cov duab loj rau ntawm tus saib, zam kev tsis zoo ntawm tus kws phais mob ntev. Video raws li kev phais microscopes tso cov kws kho mob los ntawm ib qho kev taw qhia, tso cai rau lawv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw anatomical los ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus siab.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev nce qib sai ntawm kev txawj ntse technology, kev phais microscopes tau maj mam dhau los ua kev txawj ntse, thiab video raws li kev phais microscopes tau dhau los ua cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tam sim no raws li kev phais mob microscope txuas nrog lub computer tsis pom kev thiab cov thev naus laus zis kev kawm tob kom ua tiav cov duab pom zoo, segmentation, thiab tsom xam. Thaum lub sijhawm phais mob, cov yeeb yaj kiab ntse raws li kev phais microscopes tuaj yeem pab cov kws kho mob hauv kev nrhiav cov ntaub so ntswg sai thiab txhim kho kev phais kom raug.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob los ntawm binocular microscopes mus rau video raws li kev phais microscopes, nws tsis yog nyuaj rau nrhiav tau hais tias qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov tseeb, efficiency, thiab kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv kev phais yog nce ib hnub twg. Tam sim no, qhov kev thov rau cov duab kho qhov muag ntawm kev phais microscopes tsis txwv rau kev nthuav dav cov kab mob pathological, tab sis muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab muaj txiaj ntsig. Hauv cov tshuaj kho mob, phais microscopes tau siv dav hauv kev phais mob paj hlwb thiab txha caj qaum los ntawm cov fluorescence modules kev koom ua ke nrog augmented kev muaj tiag. AR navigation system tuaj yeem pab txhawb txoj kev phais mob txha caj qaum, thiab cov tshuaj fluorescent tuaj yeem coj cov kws kho mob kom tshem tawm cov qog hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua tiav qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tsis siv neeg ntawm lub suab qaum polyps thiab leukoplakia siv lub tshuab phais mob hyperspectral ua ke nrog cov duab faib cov algorithms. Video phais microscopes tau siv dav hauv ntau yam kev phais mob xws li thyroidectomy, phais retinal, thiab lymphatic phais los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog fluorescence imaging, multispectral imaging, thiab ntse duab ua technologies.

Piv rau binocular surgical microscopes, video microscopes tuaj yeem muab ntau tus neeg siv video sib koom, cov duab phais mob siab, thiab muaj ntau dua ergonomic, txo tus kws kho mob qaug zog. Kev tsim kho qhov muag pom, digitization, thiab kev txawj ntse tau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev phais lub tshuab tsom iav kho qhov muag, thiab lub sijhawm tiag tiag dynamic imaging, augmented reality, thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis tau nthuav dav cov haujlwm thiab cov qauv ntawm video raws li kev phais microscopes.

Cov duab kho qhov muag ntawm yav tom ntej video raws li kev phais microscopes yuav ua kom meej dua, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab txawj ntse, muab cov kws kho mob nrog cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws, ntxaws, thiab peb-dimensional tus neeg mob cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev phais zoo dua. Lub caij no, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov kev lag luam, qhov system no tseem yuav raug siv thiab tsim hauv ntau qhov chaw.