Technological Advancements thiab Clinical Applications ntawm Ultra-High-Definition Surgical Microscopes

 

Kev phais microscopesua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high-precision teb xws li neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, thiab minimally invasive phais, qhov uas lawv tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Nrog lub peev xwm loj loj,Ua haujlwm microscopesmuab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, tso cai rau cov kws phais neeg saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus uas pom tsis tau ntawm qhov muag liab qab, xws li cov paj hlwb, cov hlab ntsha, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, yog li pab cov kws kho mob kom tsis txhob ua rau cov nqaij mos noj qab nyob zoo thaum phais. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv neurosurgery, lub siab magnification ntawm lub microscope tso cai rau meej localization ntawm cov qog los yog kab mob cov ntaub so ntswg, xyuas kom meej resection margins thiab tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb, yog li txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov neeg mob lub postoperative rov qab.

Cov kab mob phais ib txwm muaj feem ntau nruab nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem daws teeb meem, muaj peev xwm muab cov ntaub ntawv pom tseeb txaus los txhawb cov kev xav tau ntawm kev phais. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev kho mob thev naus laus zis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev ua tiav hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, cov duab zoo ntawm kev phais microscopes tau maj mam dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev phais mob. Piv nrog rau cov kab mob phais ib txwm siv, ultra-high-definition microscopes tuaj yeem nthuav qhia cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Los ntawm kev nthuav qhia cov duab thiab cov duab nrog cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm 4K, 8K, lossis ntau dua, ultra-high-txhais kev phais microscopes pab cov kws phais kom paub meej dua thiab tswj cov kab mob me me thiab cov qauv siv lub cev, ua kom zoo dua qhov tseeb thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev phais. Nrog rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov duab ua thev naus laus zis, kev txawj ntse, thiab kev muaj tiag virtual, ultra-high-txhais kev phais microscopes tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov duab zoo xwb tab sis kuj muab kev txhawb nqa ntse dua rau kev phais, tsav cov txheej txheem phais mus rau qhov siab dua thiab qis dua.

 

Clinical daim ntawv thov ntawm ultra-high-definition microscope

Nrog rau kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm kev yees duab thev naus laus zis, ultra-high-definition microscopes tau maj mam ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuaj kho mob, ua tsaug rau lawv cov kev daws teeb meem siab heev, cov duab zoo heev, thiab muaj peev xwm saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag.

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmic phais yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm meej, uas imposes cov txheej txheem siab rauophthalmic phais microscopes. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv femtosecond laser corneal incision, lub phais microscope muaj peev xwm muab siab magnification los soj ntsuam lub anterior chamber, central incision ntawm lub qhov muag, thiab xyuas qhov chaw ntawm qhov incision. Hauv kev phais ophthalmic, illumination yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub tshuab ntsuas ntsuas tsis tsuas yog muab cov txiaj ntsig pom pom zoo nrog lub teeb qis dua, tab sis kuj tsim lub teeb liab tshwj xeeb, uas pab rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem phais cataract. Tsis tas li ntawd, optical coherence tomography (OCT) yog siv dav hauv kev phais mob ophthalmic rau subsurface visualization. Nws tuaj yeem muab cov duab sib luag, kov yeej qhov kev txwv ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav nws tus kheej, uas tsis tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub so ntswg zoo vim kev soj ntsuam pem hauv ntej. Piv txwv li, Kapeller et al. siv 4K-3D zaub thiab ntsiav tshuaj lub computer kom tau txais stereoscopically tso saib cov duab kos duab ntawm Microscope-integrated OCT (miOCT) (4D-miOCT). Raws li cov neeg siv cov lus qhia tawm tswv yim, kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo, thiab ntau yam kev ntsuas ntau, lawv tau pom qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv 4K-3D zaub los hloov 4D-miOCT ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv Lata thiab al. txoj kev tshawb fawb, los ntawm kev sau cov neeg mob ntawm 16 tus neeg mob uas muaj kab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev nrog lub qhov muag nyuj, lawv tau siv lub tshuab ntsuas nrog miOCT ua haujlwm los soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem phais hauv lub sijhawm. Los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li kev ua tsis tau ua ntej, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev phais, cov teeb meem tom qab kev phais, qhov muag pom qhov kawg, thiab lub pob txha tuab, lawv thaum kawg tau pom tias miOCT tuaj yeem pab kws kho mob txheeb xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem thaum phais. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias OCT maj mam dhau los ua cov cuab yeej pabcuam muaj zog hauv kev phais vitreoretinal, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj thiab kev phais tshiab (xws li kev kho noob), qee tus kws kho mob nug seb nws puas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev kho mob tiag tiag vim nws cov nqi siab thiab kev kawm ntev.

Otolaryngology

Kev phais Otorhinolaryngology yog lwm qhov kev phais uas siv cov tshuab phais phais. Vim tias muaj cov kab noj hniav sib sib zog nqus thiab cov qauv me me hauv lub ntsej muag, kev nthuav dav thiab teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev phais. Txawm hais tias endoscopes qee zaum tuaj yeem muab qhov pom zoo ntawm qhov chaw phais nqaim,Ultra-high-txhais phais microscopesmuab kev nkag siab tob, tso cai rau kev nthuav dav ntawm nqaim anatomical cheeb tsam xws li cochlea thiab sinuses, pab kws kho mob hauv kev kho mob xws li otitis media thiab nasal polyps. Piv txwv li, Dundar et al. piv rau cov teebmeem ntawm lub tshuab tsom thiab endoscope txoj kev phais stapes hauv kev kho mob otosclerosis, sau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 84 tus neeg mob kuaj mob otosclerosis uas tau phais ntawm xyoo 2010 thiab 2020. Siv cov kev hloov pauv hauv huab cua-pob txha conduction sib txawv ua ntej thiab tom qab phais raws li qhov ntsuas ntsuas, qhov kawg tshwm sim pom tau tias txawm hais tias ob qho tib si microsclerosis tau ua haujlwm zoo sib xws, thiab kev hnov ​​​​mob zoo sib xws. luv dua kev kawm nkhaus. Ib yam li ntawd, hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej uas tau ua los ntawm Ashfaq li al., pab pawg tshawb fawb tau ua lub tshuab ntsuas pa-parotidectomy ntawm 70 tus neeg mob uas muaj cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav ntawm xyoo 2020 thiab 2023, tsom mus rau kev ntsuas lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab microscopes hauv kev txheeb xyuas lub ntsej muag paj hlwb thiab kev tiv thaiv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txhim kho kev phais kom meej meej, txheeb xyuas lub cev tseem ceeb thiab cov ceg ntoo ntawm lub ntsej muag paj hlwb, txo cov hlab ntsha traction, thiab hemostasis, ua rau lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho lub ntsej muag paj hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li kev phais mob tau nce zuj zus thiab meej, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm AR thiab ntau hom kev kuaj pom nrog kev phais microscopes ua rau cov kws phais mob ua cov duab coj ua kev phais.

Neurosurgery

Daim ntawv thov ntawm ultra-high-txhaisphais microscopes hauv neurosurgerytau hloov los ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev kho qhov muag mus rau digitalization, augmented reality (AR), thiab kev pabcuam ntse. Piv txwv li, Draxinger et al. siv lub tshuab tsom xam ua ke nrog tus kheej-tsim MHz-OCT system, muab cov duab peb-dimensional daws teeb meem los ntawm 1.6 MHz scanning zaus, ua tiav kev pab kws phais hauv qhov txawv ntawm cov qog thiab cov nqaij mos noj qab nyob zoo hauv lub sijhawm thiab txhim kho kev phais mob. Hafez et al. piv cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj microscopes thiab ultra-high-txhais microsurgical imaging system (Exoscope) hauv kev sim cerebrovascular bypass phais, pom tias txawm hais tias lub tshuab tsom iav muaj lub sij hawm luv luv (P<0.001), Exoscope ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm suture tis (P = 0.001). Tsis tas li ntawd, Exoscope muab qhov kev phais kom zoo dua qub thiab sib koom ua lub zeem muag, muab qhov zoo rau kev qhia. Ib yam li ntawd, Calloni et al. piv rau daim ntawv thov ntawm Exoscope thiab ib txwm phais microscopes hauv kev cob qhia cov neeg nyob hauv neurosurgery. Kaum rau tus neeg nyob hauv tau ua haujlwm rov ua dua cov qauv kev lees paub ntawm cov qauv cranial siv ob qho khoom siv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm ob, Exoscope ua tau zoo dua hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv sib sib zog nqus thiab tau pom tias muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua thiab xis nyob los ntawm cov neeg koom nrog feem ntau, nrog lub peev xwm los ua qhov tseem ceeb yav tom ntej. Pom tau tias, ultra-high-txhais phais microscopes, nruab nrog 4K cov lus qhia siab, tuaj yeem muab txhua tus neeg tuaj koom nrog cov duab phais 3D zoo dua, ua kom yooj yim rau kev sib txuas lus phais, kev hloov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev txhim kho kev qhia ntawv.

Spinal phais

Ultra-siab txhaisphais microscopesua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev phais tus txha caj qaum. Los ntawm kev muab cov duab peb-dimensional kev daws teeb meem siab, lawv ua rau cov kws phais neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas cov qauv anatomical complex ntawm tus txha nraub qaum kom meej meej, nrog rau qhov tsis zoo xws li cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha, thiab cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, yog li txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev phais. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev kho scoliosis, phais microscopes tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pom tseeb ntawm kev phais lub zeem muag thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, pab cov kws kho mob kom paub meej cov qauv neural thiab cov ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv qhov nqaim kwj dej, yog li muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem decompression thiab stabilization.

Sun et al. piv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tshuab tsom-pab anterior cervical phais thiab ib txwm qhib kev phais hauv kev kho mob ntawm ossification ntawm posterior longitudinal ligament ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam nqaj qaum. Rau caum tus neeg mob tau muab faib ua pab pawg kws kho mob (30 tus neeg mob) thiab pab pawg phais ib txwm (30 tus neeg mob). Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias pab pawg kws kho mob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua ntshav tsis zoo, nyob hauv tsev kho mob, thiab cov qhab nia mob tom qab piv rau pawg kws phais ib txwm muaj, thiab qhov teeb meem qis dua hauv pab pawg kws kho mob microscope. Ib yam li ntawd, hauv kev phais txha caj qaum, Singhatanadgige li al. piv rau daim ntawv thov cov teebmeem ntawm orthopedic phais microscopes thiab phais magnifying tsom iav hauv minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar fusion. Txoj kev tshawb no suav nrog 100 tus neeg mob thiab pom tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob pawg hauv kev kho mob tom qab phais, kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, kev loj hlob ntawm tus txha caj qaum, fusion tus nqi, thiab cov teeb meem, tab sis lub tshuab tsom iav tau muab qhov kev pom zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, microscopes ua ke nrog AR thev naus laus zis tau siv dav hauv kev phais tus txha caj qaum. Piv txwv li, Carl et al. tsim AR thev naus laus zis hauv 10 tus neeg mob siv lub taub hau-mounted zaub ntawm lub tshuab kuaj kab mob phais. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias AR muaj peev xwm zoo rau kev siv hauv kev phais tus txha caj qaum, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj anatomical thiab kev kawm nyob hauv.

 

Summary thiab Outlook

Piv nrog rau cov kab mob phais ib txwm muaj, ultra-high-txhais phais microscopes muaj ntau yam zoo, nrog rau ntau yam kev xaiv magnification, ruaj khov thiab ci ntsa iab, lub tshuab kho qhov muag, kev ua haujlwm ntev, thiab ergonomic ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov kev daws teeb meem pom kev zoo siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev koom ua ke nrog ntau hom kev yees duab thiab AR thev naus laus zis, txhawb nqa cov duab qhia kev phais zoo.

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm kev phais microscopes, lawv tseem ntsib cov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Vim lawv qhov loj me, ultra-high-txhais kev phais microscopes ua rau qee yam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los ntawm chav ua haujlwm thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev txuas ntxiv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem phais. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov qauv tsim ntawm lub tshuab tsom iav tau ua kom zoo dua qub, nrog rau lawv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag txhawb nqa ntau yam kev qaij thiab kev hloov kho, ua kom cov khoom siv tau yooj yim thiab ua kom yooj yim rau tus kws phais kev soj ntsuam thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw zoo dua thiab xis nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis muab cov kws phais mob nrog ntau qhov kev pom kev pom kev zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm microsurgical, pab txo qis kev ua haujlwm qaug zog thiab txhim kho kev phais mob thiab tus kws phais mob muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tsis muaj cov qauv kev txhawb nqa, yuav tsum muaj kev rov ua kom zoo dua qub, ua rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv phais microscopes. Lwm qhov kev daws teeb meem yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov qauv me me ntawm cov qauv me me thiab kev hloov kho kom hloov tau yooj yim dua rau ntau yam kev phais. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txo ntim feem ntau suav nrog cov txheej txheem machining precision thiab cov nqi siab ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, ua rau cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom kim heev.

Lwm qhov kev sib tw ntawm ultra-high-definition surgical microscopes yog cov tawv nqaij kub hnyiab los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob siab. Txhawm rau muab cov teeb pom kev ci ntsa iab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj ntau tus neeg soj ntsuam lossis lub koob yees duab, lub teeb ci yuav tsum tawm lub teeb muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem hlawv tus neeg mob cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias ophthalmic surgical microscopes tuaj yeem ua rau phototoxicity rau lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab kua muag zaj duab xis, ua rau txo qis qhov muag ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, optimizing lub teeb tswj, kho qhov chaw loj thiab lub teeb siv raws li magnification thiab ua hauj lwm nyob deb, yog tshwj xeeb yog tseem ceeb rau phais microscopes. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, optical imaging tej zaum yuav qhia panoramic imaging thiab peb-dimensional reconstruction technologies los nthuav lub teb ntawm saib thiab kom meej rov qab rau peb-dimensional layout ntawm qhov chaw phais. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov kws kho mob kom nkag siab zoo dua qhov xwm txheej ntawm thaj chaw phais thiab tsis txhob plam cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov duab panoramic thiab kev tsim kho peb-dimensional suav nrog kev nrhiav tau ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag, kev sau npe, thiab rov tsim kho cov duab siab, tsim cov ntaub ntawv loj heev. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev xav tau siab heev ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov duab ua cov algorithms, kho vajtse suav lub zog, thiab cov tshuab khaws cia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm phais qhov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag yog qhov tseem ceeb, ua rau qhov kev sib tw no tseem ceeb dua.

Nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov thev naus laus zis xws li kev kuaj pom kev kho mob, kev txawj ntse txawj ntse, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, ultra-high-definition surgical microscopes tau pom tias muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev txhim kho kev phais mob, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ultra-high-txhais kho mob microscopes yuav txuas ntxiv tsim nyob rau hauv plaub cov lus qhia nram qab no: (1) Hais txog cov khoom tsim, miniaturization thiab modularization yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm cov nqi qis, ua rau cov ntaub ntawv kho mob loj tuaj yeem ua tau; (2) Tsim kom muaj kev tswj xyuas lub teeb ntau dua los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb puas los ntawm kev phais ntev; (3) Tsim cov cuab yeej ntse auxiliary algorithms uas yog qhov tseeb thiab lub teeb yuag kom ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv; (4) Sib sib zog nqus AR thiab cov tshuab phais neeg hlau los muab kev txhawb nqa platform rau kev sib koom tes ntawm cov chaw taws teeb, kev ua haujlwm meej, thiab cov txheej txheem automated. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, ultra-high-txhais phais microscopes yuav hloov zuj zus mus rau hauv kev pabcuam kev phais mob uas ua ke nrog kev txhim kho cov duab, kev paub ntse, thiab kev sib tham sib tawm tswv yim, pab tsim lub ecosystem digital rau kev phais yav tom ntej.

Cov kab lus no muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nce qib hauv cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb ntawm ultra-high-txhais kho mob microscopes, nrog rau kev tsom mus rau lawv daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhim kho hauv cov txheej txheem phais. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev daws teeb meem, ultra-high-definition microscopes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw xws li neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, thiab phais txha caj qaum. Tshwj xeeb, kev koom ua ke ntawm intraoperative precision navigation technology nyob rau hauv minimally invasive surgeries tau nce siab precision thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem. Saib tom ntej, raws li kev txawj ntse txawj ntse thiab cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis ua ntej, ultra-high-definition microscopes yuav muab kev txhawb nqa kev phais kom zoo dua thiab txawj ntse, txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm kev phais me me thiab kev sib koom ua ke nyob deb, yog li txhawb kev phais kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo.